Peptide ndi organic pawiri, amene dehydrated kuchokera kwa amino zidulo ndipo ali carboxyl ndi amino magulu.Ndi gulu la amphoteric.Polypeptide ndi gulu lopangidwa ndi ma amino acid olumikizidwa pamodzi ndi ma peptide bond.Ndi mankhwala apakatikati a protein hydrolysis.Imapangidwa ndi kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi ndi condensation ya 10 ~ 100 amino acid mamolekyulu, ndipo maselo ake kulemera ndi zosakwana 10000Da.Imatha kulowa mu nembanemba yotha kutha pang'onopang'ono ndipo simatenthedwa ndi trichloroacetic acid ndi ammonium sulfate, kuphatikiza ma peptides a bioactive ndi ma peptides opangira.
Mankhwala a polypeptide amatanthauza ma polypeptides omwe ali ndi zotsatira zenizeni zochizira pogwiritsa ntchito kaphatikizidwe ka mankhwala, kuphatikizika kwa jini ndi kutulutsa kwa nyama ndi zomera, zomwe zimagawidwa kukhala ma polypeptides amkati (monga enkephalin ndi thymosin) ndi ma polypeptides ena akunja (monga chiwembu cha njoka ndi sialic acid).Kulemera kwa molekyulu ya mankhwala a polypeptide kuli pakati pa mankhwala a protein ndi mankhwala a micromolecule, omwe ali ndi ubwino wa mankhwala a micromolecule ndi mapuloteni.Poyerekeza ndi mankhwala a micromolecule, mankhwala a polypeptide ali ndi zochita zambiri zamoyo komanso zamphamvu.Poyerekeza ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi mapuloteni, mankhwala a polypeptide amakhala okhazikika bwino, otsika chitetezo chamthupi, oyera kwambiri komanso otsika mtengo.
Polypeptide imatha kutengeka mwachindunji komanso mwachangu ndi thupi, ndipo kuthamanga kwa mayamwidwe kumakhala kofulumira, ndipo kuyamwa kwa polypeptide ndikofunikira.Kuphatikiza apo, ma peptides sangangonyamula zakudya zokha, komanso amatumiza zidziwitso zama cell kulamula misempha.Mankhwala a polypeptide ali ndi mawonekedwe a zochita zambiri, kusankhidwa kwakukulu, kawopsedwe kakang'ono komanso kugwirizana kwakukulu kwa chandamale, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, amakhalanso ndi kuipa kwa moyo waufupi wa theka, kuperewera kwa membrane wa cell komanso njira imodzi yoyendetsera.
Poganizira zolakwika za mankhwala a polypeptide, ofufuza ayesetsa mosalekeza panjira yokonza ma peptides kuti apititse patsogolo kupezeka kwa mankhwala a polypeptide.Kuthamanga kwa peptides ndi imodzi mwa njira zowonjezeretsa ma peptides, ndipo kukula kwa ma peptides ozungulira kwabweretsa mbandakucha kwa mankhwala a polypeptide.Ma cyclic peptides ndi opindulitsa pamankhwala chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwawo kwa metabolic, kusankha kwawo komanso kuyanjana, kupezeka kwa membrane wa cell komanso kupezeka kwapakamwa.Ma cyclic peptides ali ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga anti-cancer, anti-infection, anti-fungus ndi anti-virus, ndipo ndi mamolekyu amankhwala odalirika kwambiri.M'zaka zaposachedwa, mankhwala a cyclic peptide akopa chidwi kwambiri, ndipo makampani opanga mankhwala atsatira njira yopangira mankhwala atsopano ndikuyika ma cyclic peptide mankhwala motsatizana.
Dr. Chen Shiyu wochokera ku Shanghai Institute of Pharmacology, Chinese Academy of Sciences adayambitsa mankhwala a cyclic peptide ovomerezeka kuchokera ku 2001 mpaka 2021 mu mankhwala ake a cyclic peptide omwe amavomerezedwa mu mankhwala awiri omaliza.M'zaka 20 zapitazi, pali mitundu 18 ya mankhwala a cyclic peptide pamsika, pomwe kuchuluka kwa ma cyclic peptides omwe amagwira ntchito pa cell wall synthesis ndi β-1,3- glucanase targets ndi yayikulu kwambiri, yokhala ndi mitundu itatu iliyonse.Mankhwala ovomerezeka a cyclic peptide amaphimba anti-infection, endocrine, digestive system, metabolism, chotupa / chitetezo chokwanira komanso dongosolo lapakati lamanjenje, zomwe anti-infection ndi endocrine cyclic peptide zimawerengera 66.7%.Pankhani ya mitundu ya ma cyclization, pali mankhwala ambiri a cyclic peptide oyendetsedwa ndi ma disulfide bond ndikuyendetsedwa ndi ma amide bond, ndipo 7 ndi 6 mankhwala adavomerezedwa motsatana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-18-2023